EAB is Coming...Are You Ready?
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4741 Biesecker Road
Thomasville, PA 17364
292-9994 1-866-220-8122
heritagelawncare8@gmail.com
Thomasville, PA 17364
292-9994 1-866-220-8122
heritagelawncare8@gmail.com
| Adult EAB |
| Adult EAB |
| Mature Ash Tree |
| Ash Leaf and Bark |
| Young Ash Tree Note Opposite Branching |
| Feeding Larva |
| Larval Feeding Pattern Under Bark |
Emerald Ash Borer
Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is an exotic beetle that was
discovered in southeastern Michigan near Detroit in the summer of 2002. The adult
beetles nibble on ash foliage but cause little damage. The larvae (the immature
stage) feed on the inner bark of ash trees, disrupting the tree's ability to transport
water and nutrients. Emerald ash borer probably arrived in the United States on solid
wood packing material carried in cargo ships or airplanes originating in its native
Asia. Emerald ash borer is also established in Windsor, Ontario, was found in Ohio in
2003, northern Indiana in 2004, northern Illinois and Maryland in 2006, western
Pennsylvania and West Virginia in 2007, and Wisconsin, Missouri and Virginia in
summer 2008. Since its discovery, EAB has:
1 Killed tens of millions of ash trees in southeastern Michigan alone, with tens of
millions more lost in Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Missouri,
Wisconsin, Virginia, Ontario, and Quebec.
2 Caused regulatory agencies and the USDA to enforce quarantines (Michigan,
Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Missouri, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Virginia,
West Virginia, and Wisconsin) and fines to prevent potentially infested ash trees, logs
or hardwood firewood from moving out of areas where EAB occurs.
3 Cost municipalities, property owners, nursery operators and forest products
industries tens of millions of dollars.
Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is an exotic beetle that was
discovered in southeastern Michigan near Detroit in the summer of 2002. The adult
beetles nibble on ash foliage but cause little damage. The larvae (the immature
stage) feed on the inner bark of ash trees, disrupting the tree's ability to transport
water and nutrients. Emerald ash borer probably arrived in the United States on solid
wood packing material carried in cargo ships or airplanes originating in its native
Asia. Emerald ash borer is also established in Windsor, Ontario, was found in Ohio in
2003, northern Indiana in 2004, northern Illinois and Maryland in 2006, western
Pennsylvania and West Virginia in 2007, and Wisconsin, Missouri and Virginia in
summer 2008. Since its discovery, EAB has:
1 Killed tens of millions of ash trees in southeastern Michigan alone, with tens of
millions more lost in Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Missouri,
Wisconsin, Virginia, Ontario, and Quebec.
2 Caused regulatory agencies and the USDA to enforce quarantines (Michigan,
Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Missouri, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Virginia,
West Virginia, and Wisconsin) and fines to prevent potentially infested ash trees, logs
or hardwood firewood from moving out of areas where EAB occurs.
3 Cost municipalities, property owners, nursery operators and forest products
industries tens of millions of dollars.
| Areas Affected by EAB |
1 Where did the emerald ash borer come from? The natural range of Agrilus
planipennis, or the emerald ash borer, is eastern Russia, northern China, Japan, and
Korea. Before June of 2002, it had never been found in North America.
2 How did it get here? We don't know for sure, but it most likely came in ash wood
used for stabilizing cargo in ships or for packing or crating heavy consumer products.
3 What types of trees does the emerald ash borer attack? In North America, it has
only been found in ash trees. Trees in woodlots as well as landscaped areas are
affected. Larval galleries have been found in trees or branches measuring as little as
1-inch in diameter. All species of North American ash appear to be susceptible.
4 Where has it been found? In 2002, EAB was thought to occur in six counties in
southeastern Michigan: Livingston, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, Washtenaw and
Wayne, and in Essex County Ontario. Our ability to detect and find EAB has
substantially improved since then, however, and we now realize that a much greater
area was infested than what was initially thought. Now there are only three counties in
Michigan where EAB has not been detected. It has also been found in Indiana, Ohio,
Illinois, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, Wisconsin, Missouri, Maryland, Ontario,
and Quebec, making EAB an international pest problem. Most of these infestations are
not new (i.e., EAB has not spread this far in the past 5 years). We are simply getting
better at finding infestations as survey methods improve. However, it is important to
watch for signs and symptoms of EAB in non-quarantine areas where the beetle may
have been accidentally transported in ash firewood.
5 What happens to infested ash trees? The canopy of infested trees begins to thin
above infested portions of the trunk and major branches because the borer destroys
the water and nutrient conducting tissues under the bark. Heavily infested trees exhibit
canopy die-back usually starting at the top of the tree. One-third to one-half of the
branches may die in one year. Most of the canopy will be dead within 2 years of when
symptoms are first observed. Sometimes ash trees push out sprouts from the trunk
after the upper portions of the tree dies. Although difficult to see, the adult beetles leave
a "D"-shaped exit hole in the bark, roughly 1/8 inch in diameter, when they emerge in
June.
6 What do emerald ash borers look like ?The adult beetle is dark metallic green in
color, 1/2 inch-long and 1/8 inch wide.
7 What is the life cycle of this borer? Recent research shows that the beetle can
have a one- or two-year life cycle. Adults begin emerging in mid to late May with peak
emergence in late June. Females usually begin laying eggs about 2 weeks after
emergence. Eggs hatch in 1-2 weeks, and the tiny larvae bore through the bark and
into the cambium - the area between the bark and wood where nutrient levels are high.
The larvae feed under the bark for several weeks, usually from late July or early August
through October. The larvae typically pass through four stages, eventually reaching a
size of roughly 1 to 1.25 inches long. Most EAB larvae overwinter in a small chamber in
the outer bark or in the outer inch of wood. Pupation occurs in spring and the new
generation of adults will emerge in May or early June, to begin the cycle again. View the
EAB life cycle.
8 How is this pest spread? We know EAB adults can fly at least 1/2 mile from the tree
where they emerge. Many infestations, however, were started when people moved
infested ash nursery trees, logs, or firewood into uninfested areas. Shipments of ash
nursery trees and ash logs with bark are now regulated, and transporting firewood
outside of the quarantined areas is illegal, but transport of infested firewood remains a
problem. PLEASE - do not move any ash firewood or logs outside of the quarantined
area.
9 Does it only attack dying or stressed trees? Healthy ash trees are also
susceptible, although beetles may prefer to lay eggs or feed on stressed trees. When
EAB populations are high, small trees may die within 1-2 years of becoming infested
and large trees can be killed in 3-4 years.
10 What is being done on a statewide basis about this new pest? Many agencies
and universities are working together to educate citizens about identification of ash
trees and EAB and options for protecting valuable shade trees. State and federal
agencies have programs in place to help restore the urban forest in cities that
sustained heavy EAB damage. Research is underway to learn more about the biology
of EAB, its rate of spread, methods for EAB detection, predators and other natural
enemies that may attack EAB, and how insecticides can be used to protect trees in
infested areas.
12 How big a problem is EAB? EAB is becoming an international problem, with
infestations in Canada as well as Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Pennsylvania,
Missouri, Wisconsin, Maryland, West Virginia and Virginia. The scope of this problem
could reach the billions of dollars nationwide if not dealt with. State and federal
agencies have made this problem a priority. Homeowners can also help by carefully
monitoring their ash trees for signs and symptoms of EAB throughout the year.
Learn more at: www.emeraldashborer.info
heritagelawncare8@gmail.com
planipennis, or the emerald ash borer, is eastern Russia, northern China, Japan, and
Korea. Before June of 2002, it had never been found in North America.
2 How did it get here? We don't know for sure, but it most likely came in ash wood
used for stabilizing cargo in ships or for packing or crating heavy consumer products.
3 What types of trees does the emerald ash borer attack? In North America, it has
only been found in ash trees. Trees in woodlots as well as landscaped areas are
affected. Larval galleries have been found in trees or branches measuring as little as
1-inch in diameter. All species of North American ash appear to be susceptible.
4 Where has it been found? In 2002, EAB was thought to occur in six counties in
southeastern Michigan: Livingston, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, Washtenaw and
Wayne, and in Essex County Ontario. Our ability to detect and find EAB has
substantially improved since then, however, and we now realize that a much greater
area was infested than what was initially thought. Now there are only three counties in
Michigan where EAB has not been detected. It has also been found in Indiana, Ohio,
Illinois, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, Wisconsin, Missouri, Maryland, Ontario,
and Quebec, making EAB an international pest problem. Most of these infestations are
not new (i.e., EAB has not spread this far in the past 5 years). We are simply getting
better at finding infestations as survey methods improve. However, it is important to
watch for signs and symptoms of EAB in non-quarantine areas where the beetle may
have been accidentally transported in ash firewood.
5 What happens to infested ash trees? The canopy of infested trees begins to thin
above infested portions of the trunk and major branches because the borer destroys
the water and nutrient conducting tissues under the bark. Heavily infested trees exhibit
canopy die-back usually starting at the top of the tree. One-third to one-half of the
branches may die in one year. Most of the canopy will be dead within 2 years of when
symptoms are first observed. Sometimes ash trees push out sprouts from the trunk
after the upper portions of the tree dies. Although difficult to see, the adult beetles leave
a "D"-shaped exit hole in the bark, roughly 1/8 inch in diameter, when they emerge in
June.
6 What do emerald ash borers look like ?The adult beetle is dark metallic green in
color, 1/2 inch-long and 1/8 inch wide.
7 What is the life cycle of this borer? Recent research shows that the beetle can
have a one- or two-year life cycle. Adults begin emerging in mid to late May with peak
emergence in late June. Females usually begin laying eggs about 2 weeks after
emergence. Eggs hatch in 1-2 weeks, and the tiny larvae bore through the bark and
into the cambium - the area between the bark and wood where nutrient levels are high.
The larvae feed under the bark for several weeks, usually from late July or early August
through October. The larvae typically pass through four stages, eventually reaching a
size of roughly 1 to 1.25 inches long. Most EAB larvae overwinter in a small chamber in
the outer bark or in the outer inch of wood. Pupation occurs in spring and the new
generation of adults will emerge in May or early June, to begin the cycle again. View the
EAB life cycle.
8 How is this pest spread? We know EAB adults can fly at least 1/2 mile from the tree
where they emerge. Many infestations, however, were started when people moved
infested ash nursery trees, logs, or firewood into uninfested areas. Shipments of ash
nursery trees and ash logs with bark are now regulated, and transporting firewood
outside of the quarantined areas is illegal, but transport of infested firewood remains a
problem. PLEASE - do not move any ash firewood or logs outside of the quarantined
area.
9 Does it only attack dying or stressed trees? Healthy ash trees are also
susceptible, although beetles may prefer to lay eggs or feed on stressed trees. When
EAB populations are high, small trees may die within 1-2 years of becoming infested
and large trees can be killed in 3-4 years.
10 What is being done on a statewide basis about this new pest? Many agencies
and universities are working together to educate citizens about identification of ash
trees and EAB and options for protecting valuable shade trees. State and federal
agencies have programs in place to help restore the urban forest in cities that
sustained heavy EAB damage. Research is underway to learn more about the biology
of EAB, its rate of spread, methods for EAB detection, predators and other natural
enemies that may attack EAB, and how insecticides can be used to protect trees in
infested areas.
12 How big a problem is EAB? EAB is becoming an international problem, with
infestations in Canada as well as Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Pennsylvania,
Missouri, Wisconsin, Maryland, West Virginia and Virginia. The scope of this problem
could reach the billions of dollars nationwide if not dealt with. State and federal
agencies have made this problem a priority. Homeowners can also help by carefully
monitoring their ash trees for signs and symptoms of EAB throughout the year.
Learn more at: www.emeraldashborer.info
heritagelawncare8@gmail.com
We can protect your Ash trees. We use environmentally friendly treatment methods. PROTECTING your trees is FAR better...and cheaper than replacing them. Please read on to learn more about this destructive pest: |
| Green Ash Leaf |
| Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire is the scientific name for Emerald Ash Borer |
Shown here are larvae feeding
beneath the bark. The damage they
cause is an insurmountable injury
to the tree.
beneath the bark. The damage they
cause is an insurmountable injury
to the tree.
| Feeding Galleries and Sprouts |
| ID EAB by looking for signs: D-shaped exit holes Verticle bark fissures |
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